AustralieFrV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 003F34

The challenges - and some solutions - to process-based modelling of grazed agricultural systems : Agricultural Systems Modelling and Software - Part I

Identifieur interne : 003F34 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003F33; suivant : 003F35

The challenges - and some solutions - to process-based modelling of grazed agricultural systems : Agricultural Systems Modelling and Software - Part I

Auteurs : V. O. Snow [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; C. A. Rotz [États-Unis] ; A. D. Moore [Australie] ; R. Martin-Clouaire [France] ; I. R. Johnson [Australie] ; N. J. Hutchings [Danemark] ; R. J. Eckard [Australie]

Source :

Environmental modelling & software [ 1364-8152 ] ; 2014.

RBID : Pascal:15-0019902

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Modélisation, Système agraire, Exploitation agricole, Pâture, Modèle simulation.
Wicri :
- topic : Exploitation agricole.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Agricultural system, Farming, Modeling, Pasture, Simulation model.

Abstract

Pastoral systems are characterised by a number of features that are absent in arable cropping systems. These features include: (i) pastures are biologically diverse so interactions between plant species must be considered; (ii) economic return requires the inclusion of the animal as an additional trophic level; (iii) interaction between the grazing animal and the pasture is complex, influenced by the environment, plant species and animal behaviour and this creates feedbacks that can result in vicious cycles; (iv) animals spatially transfer substantial amounts of nutrients both randomly and systematically and this creates or exacerbates soil variability; and (v) whole farm management is both more complex and more important to system function in grazed compared to arable systems and it is harder to capture in simulation models. These challenges complicate the process-based modelling of pastoral systems and present significant obstacles to model developers and users. Here we discuss these challenges, describe the range of solutions used by different models and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these solutions. We have placed particular emphasis on the analysis of a range of possible solutions with the point of view that diversity between and within models is important to provide the flexibility needed for future uses. We find that for most challenges there is a diversity of solutions incorporated into the models and that there is the potential to capture additional diversity, if needed, from other models. We note an apparent lack of development in the modelling of extreme events such as very high temperatures, systematic animal-mediated nutrient transfers, pests, weeds and gene-environment interactions in pastoral simulation models and suggest that these subject areas should receive more attention.

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Pastoral systems are characterised by a number of features that are absent in arable cropping systems. These features include: (i) pastures are biologically diverse so interactions between plant species must be considered; (ii) economic return requires the inclusion of the animal as an additional trophic level; (iii) interaction between the grazing animal and the pasture is complex, influenced by the environment, plant species and animal behaviour and this creates feedbacks that can result in vicious cycles; (iv) animals spatially transfer substantial amounts of nutrients both randomly and systematically and this creates or exacerbates soil variability; and (v) whole farm management is both more complex and more important to system function in grazed compared to arable systems and it is harder to capture in simulation models. These challenges complicate the process-based modelling of pastoral systems and present significant obstacles to model developers and users. Here we discuss these challenges, describe the range of solutions used by different models and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these solutions. We have placed particular emphasis on the analysis of a range of possible solutions with the point of view that diversity between and within models is important to provide the flexibility needed for future uses. We find that for most challenges there is a diversity of solutions incorporated into the models and that there is the potential to capture additional diversity, if needed, from other models. We note an apparent lack of development in the modelling of extreme events such as very high temperatures, systematic animal-mediated nutrient transfers, pests, weeds and gene-environment interactions in pastoral simulation models and suggest that these subject areas should receive more attention.</div>
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The challenges - and some solutions - to process-based modelling of grazed agricultural systems : Agricultural Systems Modelling and Software - Part I

The challenges - and some solutions - to process-based modelling of grazed agricultural systems : Agricultural Systems Modelling and Software - Part I

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri